To clamp or not to clamp?

From overshoot to voltage clamp

when we were both living in Trinity College, Cambridge. He finished as an undergraduate in 1935 and was a research scholar and, from 1936, a Junior Research Fellow; I came up as an undergraduate in 1935. In the summer of 1939, he went to the marine laboratory at Plymouth to do experiments on the giant nerve fibres of squid. He invited me to join him, which I did at the beginning of August; we l...

Carotid stenosis due to clamp injury.

Remote access perfusion for minimally invasive cardiac surgery: to clamp or to inflate?

OBJECTIVES Endoaortic balloon occlusion (EBO) and aortic transthoracic clamping (TTC) are the dominant methods of remote access perfusion (RAP) in minimally invasive cardiac surgery. The aim of the study was to compare the two methods in terms of feasibility, success and complications. METHODS From June 2001 to November 2011, 307 (median age; range) (57; 16-77 years) and 460 (62; 11-88 years)...

Folic Acid Supplementation: to Advise or not to Advise?

How a DNA polymerase clamp loader opens a sliding clamp.

Processive chromosomal replication relies on sliding DNA clamps, which are loaded onto DNA by pentameric clamp loader complexes belonging to the AAA+ family of adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases). We present structures for the ATP-bound state of the clamp loader complex from bacteriophage T4, bound to an open clamp and primer-template DNA. The clamp loader traps a spiral conformation of the ope...